Then, these tensions crystallized around the Western Sahara conflict following Algiers support for the Polisario Front, which claims independence for the territory disputed between Polisario and Morocco. For foreign chancelleries, there are no compelling reasons for the unilateral severance of diplomatic relations decreed by Algiers on 24 August. Thursday, February 23, 2023 By: Andrew Wells-Dang, Ph.D. Fifty years ago, the accords led to the withdrawal of U.S. military forces from Vietnam, marking an important step toward a post-war settlement between the United States and Vietnam. In response, Algeria denounced foreign maneuvers aimed at destabilizing it, citing a real desire to attack Algeria through the arrival of the Zionist entity at its doorstep. [4] The unit was made up of 686 men under the command of Efigenio Ameijeiras. Called the War of the Sands, this war refers to the attack of the Algerian army on Moroccan troops which caused the death of 12 Moroccan soldiers. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statutes that might otherwise be infringing. This period had an impact on Algerian politics, which perceived Europe as a neo-colonialist threat. Then-Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika attended the funeral of King Hassan II, who died on July 23, 1999, in Morocco as an attempt to mend the relations between the two Arab countries. But history shows that countries do not always have complete control over the scale of their own aggression, as seemingly minor escalations have quickly degenerated in the past. ", This page was last edited on 1 May 2023, at 21:49. Even in regions where Ben Bella's regime remained deeply unpopular, such as Kabylie, the population offered to take up arms against the Moroccan invaders. These developments were all it took for both countries media outlets to launch into virulent and often insulting smear campaigns against the opposing side. [8] Morocco officially reported to have suffered 39 dead. Nations are listed by their formal names in alphabetical order (A-to-Z). In this video, I have compared the air and naval forces of both countries with you================ Arabic : . These tensions finally resulted in the closure of land borders in 1994. November 2020 unleashed pandora's box following the military intervention in Guerguerat and Washington's recognition of Rabat's sovereignty over Western Sahara. They are based on google searches and volume search and are for entertainment purposes. Although the Moroccan state did not interfere in the annexation of the Tuat region, several Moroccan tribes independently sent volunteers to fight against the French. Andrew Wells-Dang on U.S.-Vietnam Ties 50 Years After the Paris Peace Accords. The rivalry between Morocco and Algeria exemplified in the Sand War also influenced Algeria's policy regarding the conflict in Western Sahara, with Algeria backing an independence-minded Sahrawi guerrilla organization, the Polisario Front, partly to curb Moroccan expansionism in the wake of the attempt to annex Tindouf. Morocco controls 80% of the Western Sahara, Algeria supports the independence movementPolisario Front. Welcome to the next big thing; WhoWouldWinAFight.com (WWWAF.com), the best online resource for determining - once and for all - who would win in a fight. Since the War of the Sands, nothing has been settled between the two countries, except for a few problems whose solution could not be delayed too long, and which required delicate negotiations: such as the demarcation of the demilitarized zone on the border, or the fate of the people and goods on both sides that suffered from the conflict, or the cooperation agreements concluded or prepared before the crisis and which were never put into effect. It can also tip over into an all-out conflict if Algeria allows and supports the Polisario Front in going beyond today's military commitments. Called the War of the Sands, this war refers to the attack of the Algerian army on Moroccan troops which caused the death of 12 Moroccan soldiers. After Moroccan forces carried out an operation to drive Sahrawi separatists out of the Guerguerat crossing point in mid-November, as the rebel group had blocked access to the area, Sahrawi fighters are once again saying a war has erupted between Rabat and the Polisario. The Moroccan ambassador to the UN, Omar Hilale, in a note addressed to the members of the conference, seems to have crossed the Rubicon in the eyes of Algeria by declaring that he is in favor of the self-determination of the valiant Kabyle people, the Tamazight-speaking Algerian minority. On 1 November, the 67th anniversary of the outbreak of the Algerian War of Independence, three Algerian truck drivers, who were travelling between Nouakchott and Ouargla, were killed in an attack that Algiers attributed to Moroccan forces. - Some of these stepping stones to armed conflict have already been completed: severance of diplomatic relations; total cooling of economic and trade relations; cancellation of contracts of joint ventures operating in both countries; suspension of the bilateral contract for the joint use of the Maghreb-Europe gas pipeline linking Algeria-Morocco-Spain and Portugal; ban on Moroccan civilian and military flights over Algerian airspace; cancellation of international meetings of a multilateral nature in which both countries could be present (absence of the Moroccan and Algerian ministers at the Union for the Mediterranean meeting in Barcelona; suspension of the Russia-Arab World meeting in Marrakesh, to which the Algerian minister was invited; harsh dialectical clashes between the two diplomacies in various United Nations forums). Relations between arch-enemies Morocco and Algeria have hit a new low after three Algerian truck drivers were killed on Monday. Zunes, Stephen (1995). Incorrect password. [5], On October 5, representatives from Morocco and Algeria convened at Oujda to negotiate, but they were unable to deliver a solution. The situation is now more complex with the emergence of the POLIS ARIO Front in Spanish Sahara. In Algeria, the armed rebellion of the FFS in Kabylie fizzled out, as commanders defected to join the national forces against Morocco. Get your free PDF by completing the following form. Non- profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use.================Chapters :0:00 Primary Information01:16 Land Power02:48 Air Power04:14 Naval Power05:15 End Attention These results are not 100% accurate. Moroccan irredentism, the absence of clear borders, and Algerias unwillingness to reconsider the borders inherited from the colonial period were all reasons that gave rise to the conflict. [7] Moroccan losses were probably lower than the Algerians' but are unconfirmed,[6] with later sources reporting 200 Moroccan dead. Marinid Sultanate (1244-1465) [ edit] Wattasid Sultanate (1472-1554) [ edit] Saadi Sultanate (1510-1659) [ edit] Alaouite Sultanate (1668-1912) [ edit] Kingdom of Morocco (1956-present) [ edit] References [ edit] ^ Mrini, Driss; Alaoui, Ismal (1997). The Algerian presidency issued a statement accusing Morocco of carrying out an attack with a "sophisticated weapon" on two Algerian transport convoys. About: GlobalFirepower.com is an annually-updated, statistics-based website tracking defense-related information of 145 nations and exists as a wholly-independent resource. The governments of both Morocco and Algeria used the war to describe opposition movements as unpatriotic. The land border between Morocco and Algeria has already been closed since 1994 at the behest of the Algerian regime, after Morocco blamed its secret services for a terrorist attack in a hotel in Marrakech carried out by French citizens of North African descent, imposed visas for Algerian nationals, and expelled those who didn't hold residence Morocco abandoned its attempts to control Bchar and Tindouf after OAU mediation. Against the backdrop of the dispute over Western Sahara, relations between Algiers and Rabat have recently deteriorated further. [11][30] They possessed forty T-54 main battle tanks that they had purchased from the Soviet Union, twelve SU-100 tank destroyers, seventeen AMX-13s, and a fleet of gun-armed Panhard EBR armored cars. . - Quora Moreover, Morocco is one of the Unions main partners throughout the Mediterranean. [31] On October 13, 1963, Moroccan ground units launched a major offensive on Tindouf. He is, also, a specialist on political Islam in the MENA region with interest in the roots of terrorism and religious extremism. In order to understand what is at stake, it is worth reflecting on several points: - First, for there to be a war, there must be two opposing camps, either alone as countries or in coalition with other allies. Source : wikipedia.org worlddata.infoGlobalfirepower================ About Morocco Army English :The Royal Moroccan Army (Arabic: Al-Quwwat al-Bariyah al-Malakiyah al-Maghribiyah, Standard Moroccan Tamazight: tasrdast tagldant) is the branch of the Royal Moroccan Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations.The Royal Moroccan Army is about 215,000 troops strong and consists of 195,000 professional soldiers and 20,000 conscripts. The Sand War led to heightened tensions between the two countries for several decades. Relations between the two North African states have been marred by several crises since their independence, particularly the 1963 Sand War, the . [40] However, a Malian officer arrived on November 4 and enforced the Bamako Accord, ending the hostilities. [32] The Algerians attacked the town of Ich on October 18, enlarging the war to the North. - In any case, and despite the fact that bridges are being broken one by one in bilateral relations, the strategic interests of the two countries do not clash at the moment. The land border closed between the two countries since 1994, and the ongoing diplomatic war on the Western Sahara issue has been added to the case of the call for independence of Kabylia in recent months and the spectacular rapprochement of Morocco with Israel. [5] The demilitarized zone was maintained in the meantime, monitored by the OAU's first multinational peacekeeping force. For the time being, however, all attempts have failed despite the autonomy plan proposed by Rabat and the claim of a referendum by the Polisario Front. The main culprit? The Western Sahara conflict. Simply use the dropdowns below to select your global powers. This view is echoed by Sonja Hegasy who is convinced that "both countries don't have any interest in waging a war on this conflict, so the most realistic scenario is that the bilateral relations are going to continue to stagnate. The Moroccan UNFP and the Algerian-Berber FFS of At Ahmed both suffered as a result of this. So far, and despite the magnitude of annual arms acquisitions ranging from 6.5 per cent of GDP for Morocco to no less than 10 per cent of GDP for Algeria, these huge arsenals are not solely for the purpose of confronting each other, but are part of the geo-political rivalry between the two countries in North Africa and the Western Mediterranean. (L to R) Haile Selassie, emperor of Ethiopia, Hassan II, king of Morocco, Modibo Keita, president of Mali and Ahmed Ben Bella, president of Algeria, leaving African Unity summit in Addis Ababa. [8] About 57 Moroccans and 379 Algerians were taken prisoner. [28], Morocco's armed forces were smaller, but comparatively well-equipped and frequently took advantage of their superior firepower on the battlefield. Aged between 85 and 96 . Morocco and Algeria are involved in another diplomatic spat after Rabat condemned provocative acts and transgressions at the opening of a regional football tournament in Algeria. The warlike contest, if it were to take place, would be limited to the use of navy, aviation or ground defence to attack the adversary's positions from a distance. All major international players are calling on both countries to find a peaceful solution to the crisis, including a pragmatic and definitive political solution to the situation in Western Sahara based on the proposal for advanced autonomy for the region under international guarantees. More important is though, that the "Moroccan King Mohammed VI. [40], The OAU mediated a formal peace treaty on February 20, 1964. When Spain left, Morocco annexed Western Sahara and encouraged thousands of Moroccans to settle there. So far, no mediation has been successful, but both capitals do not close their doors to mediators. Until that point, relations between Algeria and Morocco were icy, but cooperative. Algerian Foreign Minister Lamtane Lamamras vehement condemnation was then accompanied by a tacit threat about the risk of the Moroccan monarchy facing a separatist claim in the Rif, an Amazigh/ Berber-speaking region in northern Morocco in recurrent conflict with the central government. In August 2021, Algeria's foreign minister, Ramdane Lamamra, announced that Algiers was severing . It is plain to see that neither Morocco nor Algeria want a full-blown conflict, as it would have disastrous consequences. Since the evacuation in mid-November by Moroccan forces of the Guerguerat crossing, blocked for several weeks by Sahrawi independence fighters, it is again, if one is to believe the latter, war between Rabat and the Polisario. Cloud, Mario Vs.Sonic and others grew to such sizes. However, no significant breakthrough was achieved. Bilateral relations warmed as Rabat prepared for a visit by the then-Algerian Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia and his delegation to sign several agreements. Algerian authorities suspected that Morocco was inciting the revolt, while Hassan was anxious about his own opposition's reverence for Algeria, escalating tensions between the nations. This application was rejected three years later for geographical reasons, as Morocco is not European. The accumulation of crisis factors between the two countries, the arms race in which they are involved, and the contradictory and largely antagonistic interests of the two countries raise concerns and fears of a possible large-scale armed conflict in North Africa. Rabat announced the severance of diplomatic relations with Algiers in protest against the latters decision to join a number of mostly African countries recognising the unilateral decision of the Polisario Front to establish the so-called Sahrawi Arab Republic. [34] The troops were sent at the request of Ben Bella, though he would later deny this in 1997. Rabat responded saying the accusations were false and that it regretted the decision. Post author: Post published: March 13, 2023 Post category: what font is used for blippi logo Post comments: what if court deadline falls on weekend california what if court deadline falls on weekend california The Algerian foreign ministry protested against the authorities of some countries, especially Morocco, using the Israeli spyware programme Pegasus against Algerian officials and citizens. At first glance, it is easy to believe that they are similar in every way. [20] The discovery of large deposits of oil and minerals (iron, manganese) in the region led France to define more precisely the territories, and in 1952 the French decided to integrate Tindouf and Colomb-Bechar to the French departments of Algeria. President Abdelmadjid Tebboune accused Morocco of supporting the Kabyle pro-independence organization MAK (Mouvement pour lautodtermination de la Kabylie), classified since last May as a terrorist by the same HCS. READ MORE This year's AU could work to Morocco's advantage over Western Sahara. The Western Sahara crisis continues to poison relations between the two states. This was first seen in the territorial dispute that led to the confrontation between the Algerian army and the royal army in 1963 during the Sands War (1963-1964). In 1940 each of the five territories along the North African coastEgypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Moroccohad a colonial or semi-colonial status under a European power. [25] These factors prompted Hassan to begin moving troops towards Tindouf. [31] This prompted further attempts at negotiations, but these proved ineffectual as well. By Heloise Urvoy with AFP Updated: 29/04/2023 - 08:23. This week, the difficult situation has been even further exacerbated, with Algeria ending the contract for a gas pipeline that runs via Morocco to deliver gas to Spain. Wake up to the essential with the Editor's picks. [9], Upon Algerian independence, the FLN announced it would apply the principle of uti possidetis to pre-existing colonial borders. Announced two days later in an official statement by the . Algeria and Morocco are two pivotal countries in the Maghreb-Sahel region that are considered key partners by international powers to ensure stability in the region, fight terrorism, and curb organized crime. [22] However, one of the FLN's primary objectives was to prevent France from splitting the strategic Sahara regions from a future Algerian state. Not a week goes by without a new report of an attack on Moroccos defensive wall. [29], Despite internal discontent with the Algerian government, most of the country supported the war effort, which Algerians generally perceived as an act of Moroccan aggression. But before this last step, there are others through which Algeria or Morocco defends its vital interests. Simply use the dropdowns below to select your global powers. Algeria also protested against a court ruling that sentenced the man accused of burning the flag to two months in prison. THE DISPUTE. [36] Its forces included twenty-two T-34 tanks, eighteen 120-mm mortars, a battery of 57-mm recoilless rifles, anti-aircraft artillery with eighteen guns, and eighteen 122mm field guns with the crews to operate them. However, Algeria considers that the Sahrawi people should be able to gain independence and has supported the Polisario Front since 1975 when Spain ceased to exercise its autonomy over the region after years of colonization. - Secondly, in order for the war to come to a confrontation, there are several stages to go through. On the Moroccan side, Rabat denied such baseless allegations and declared that it has undertaken to sue the consortium behind the investigation for defamation before the criminal court in Paris. READ MORE Morocco/Algeria : Tensions on the rise after Algerian show mocks the King. It is the direct successor of the National Liberation Army (ALN), the armed wing of the nationalist National Liberation Front, which fought French colonial rule during the Algerian War of Independence (1954-1962).The People's National Army include the Algerian Land Forces, the Algerian Air Force, the Navy (the Marine de la Rpublique Algrienne), and the Algerian Air Defence Force. About Algeria Army Arabic : (: : : ) . [26], The Algerian forces began to retaliate against the Moroccan advances, taking back the ports of Hassi-Beida and Tindjoub on October 8. A presidential statement confirms that Tebboune had given the order to not renew the contract "in light of the hostile behavior of the (Moroccan) kingdom which undermines national unity.". On the contrary, it became a socialist country and joined the leading countries of Third Worldism. So, it is quite a risky position to take.". Relations between the Algerian Socialist Republic and the Sherifian Monarchy are far from stabilized, and one cannot avoid considering peace in this region of the Maghreb as a fragile truce that the slightest incident could call into question. Known Issues High idle power has situationally been observed when using select high-resolution and high refresh rate displays on Radeon RX 7000 series GPUs. Answer (1 of 8): As ArgentineI would advise two neighboring nations such as Morocco and Algeria NOT to go to war. In doing so, they have effectively pledged their support to Morocco. The Supreme Security Council in Algeria, headed by Tebboune, accused Morocco of continuing with its hostile acts and called for bilateral relations to be reviewed and security monitoring on the western borders to be tightened. Proof of the high level of tension around this issue is that the two neighbors closed their borders in 1994 for security reasons. The killing of thethree drivers on a desert road is the latest peak in a series ofgrowing tensionsbetween the two Maghreb states that support opposite sides of the dispute over the Western Sahara territory, a former Spanish colony. The Moroccan consul in the western Algerian city of Oran called Algeria an enemy country, prompting the Algerian foreign ministry to summon the Moroccan ambassador and to declare the implicated diplomat persona non grata. [38] On October 29, Hassan and Ben Bella met to negotiate in Bamako, Mali, joined by Emperor Selassie and Mali's President Modibo Keta. Morocco vs Algeria Military Comparison 2022 | Who Would Win?Morocco vs Algeria military power comparison 2022Algeria vs Morocco military power comparisonAlgeria vs Morocco military comparisonAlgeria vs Morocco military power Morocco military power comparison 2022 Algeria military power comparison 2022Algeria vs Morocco army power military power comparison 2022 Morocco vs Algeria military power 2022Morocco vs AlgeriaWorld Military Loop Algeria vs MoroccoAlgeria vs Morocco MilitaryAlgeria vs Morocco military power Morocco military power comparison 2022Algeria military power comparison 2022#Morocco#Algeria#military#millitary_Comparison#millitaryComparison The two countries summoned each others ambassadors. Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune says in a statement his country is ready for any dialogue but asked Morocco to first clarify to Algeria its position on the speech of the Moroccan representative at the UN regarding the Kabylie region. Three deaths and a threat of armed conflict. This is part two of a five-part series. And it does not help that Algiers embarked on an anything but brotherly arms race some 15 years ago that spurred Rabat to do the same, with Algeria buying up Russian-made military gear and Morocco turning to Western weapons suppliers. In the event of a balance, as is currently the case, neither will dare to take the first step. This was only the latest episode in a process of escalation between the two countries. Countries similar in appearance but heterogeneous in fact. [5], Moroccan forces had planned a second offensive on Tindouf and occupied positions about four kilometres from the settlement. [29] The Soviet Union supplied Algeria with ten T-34 tanks, but these were equipped for clearing minefields and were delivered without turrets or armament. Even within the African Union, Algerias virtual monopoly on the Peace and Security Council, which previously gave the country a platform where it could discuss the Sahrawi question whenever the pan-African institution convened, is a thing of the past. Morocco's and Algeria's top military and secret service leaders have risen through the ranks and often led brilliant and sometimes action-packed careers. But regional instabilities, in Libya and the Sahel in particular, are putting a lot of pressure on both countries, and are also contributing to the escalation of tensions. . Tensions between the two neighboring North African countries have been growing, and Algeria's rhetoric points towards an armed conflict. Moroccan King Mohammed VI urges Algeria to put aside the differences between the two neighbours and open a new page in their relations. It doesn't have the capability to handle both at the same time," Gower said. Algiers is therefore calling for action by the major powers, particularly those with a seat on the UN Security Council, to enforce the law in this crisis. [23] However, Hassan was reluctant to authorise it, fearing that another battle would prompt further military intervention from Algeria's allies. However, Morocco's ONEE was quick to assure in a statement that "the decision announced by the Algerian authorities not to renew the agreement on the Maghreb-Europe gas pipeline will currently have only a minimal impact on the performance of the national electricity system.". Please try again or choose an option below. However, in November 2020, following the reopening of the Guerguerat border crossing with Mauritania, occupied by Sahrawi troops, clashes broke out between the Sherifian kingdom and the Polisario Front, threatening the cease-fire put in place in 1991. Click the link in that email to complete registration so you can comment. - In order for bilateral military confrontation to occur, there are different patterns that have to be reached: o War is the ultimate instrument for the defence of the country's strategic interests, which include national security and the country's projection as an international actor. Could the situation descend into a full-blown conflict? The conflict was a Cold War theater: Algeria was supported by Egypt and Cuba, while Morocco was endorsed by the United States. Moroccos ambassador to the UN, Omar Hilale, called for the independence of the Kabyle people in Algeria during a meeting of non-aligned countries. who would win a war between morocco and algeria. The Sand War laid the foundations for a lasting and often intensely hostile rivalry between Morocco and Algeria, exacerbated by the differences in political outlook between the conservative Moroccan monarchy and the revolutionary, Arab nationalist Algerian military government. No official source takes a clear position on the military crusade, either for or against. (1954-1962). ( ) .================COPYRIGHT DISCLAIMER UNDER SECTION 107 OF THE COPYRIGHT ACT 1976 Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for \"fair use\" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Backed by neighbouring Algeria, the Polisario waged a guerrilla war until the . However, the "sources" are anonymous, which leaves a certain amount of uncertainty. World Military Loop 721 subscribers Subscribe 3.7K views 11 months ago #military #Morocco #Algeria In this video, we have. The desire to adopt the European model of trade and investment is a key factor in Moroccos development. Omar Hilales comments immediately aroused the ire of the Algerian media and the Algerian political class, of all stripes, who defended in unison the territorial unity of the country and castigated the Moroccan willingness to annex Western Sahara by force. For Rabat, it is a matter of defending the integrity of its territory. The Algerian and Moroccan militaries rank second and fifth in Africa, respectively, and shell out dizzying sums to acquire the latest equipment. Ukrainian soldiers find remains of German WWII soldiers, LGBTQ+ rights situation at home drives young Slovaks abroad, Remembering the horrors of Colonia Dignidad in Chile. The war began on the night of October 31, 1954. Why is Netflix pouring billions into South Korean shows? Get full access to The Africa Report on all your devices. [13] Beyond that there is only one border area, without limit, punctuated by tribal territories attached to Morocco or Algeria. However, for Algeria, much is alsoat stakeif they can't meet the demand. Algeria said it repelled Moroccan ambitions for land on the border, while Rabat said it retaliated against the border provocations of the Egyptian-backed Algerian army. The day after Canal Algerie, the country's main public broadcaster, finally mentioned Morocco and displayed its red flag with green star after their quarterfinal win against Portugal, the director . [26] The Moroccans were determined to adjust the border, which the Algerians would not allow, resulting in an impasse. If you are reading this message your browser has Javascript disabled. The GFP country comparison form is provided to allow you to make direct, side-by-side comparisons of any two world powers represented in the GFP database. In November last year, then-US president Donald Trump had recognized Morocco's claim over the phosphate-rich Western Sahara as part of a quid pro quofor Rabat's normalization of diplomatic relations with Israel. o The media campaigns being waged in both countries, laden with accusations and insults, are more about the need to divert public attention from the real internal problems that exist in each country, caused by the effects of the pandemic, the growing socio-economic difficulties or the poor management of the economy, which is one hundred percent dependent on oil in the Algerian case, and on tourism and agriculture in the Moroccan case. Only the last of these leads to the outbreak of hostilities, because once the machinery of war has been set in motion, turning back becomes very difficult, if not impossible. On May 18, 2021, the government classified the pro-independence Movement for Self-Determination of Kabylia (MAK) as a terrorist organization after a meeting of the High-Security Council (HCS). Especially since Algiers first, followed by Rabat, has been engaged in an arms race Russian for Algeria, Western for Morocco for the past fifteen years, which has not had the virtue of creating a more fraternal atmosphere between the two countries.
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